Table B.1. 179 Task Statements as Rated by NLLs and Non-NLLs, Rank-Ordered by %Perform for Both Groups Combined (see notes at end of table)
| ID | Task Statement | % Perform NLL | % Perform non-NLL | % Perform Both | Mean Frequency NLL | Mean Frequency non-NLL | Mean Criticality NLL | Mean Criticality non-NLL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | T1.18 Identify issues in client matter, including legal, factual, or evidentiary issues. | 92% | 98% | 97% | 3.8 | 3.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 |
| 2 | T1.35 Research case law. | 95% | 97% | 97% | 3.3 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 |
| 3 | T1.24 Interpret laws, rulings, and regulations for client. | 94% | 96% | 96% | 3.6 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
| 4 | T1.33 Research statutory and constitutional authority. | 92% | 96% | 95% | 3.3 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
| 5 | T1.20 Evaluate strengths and weaknesses of client matter. | 90% | 96% | 95% | 3.7 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
| 6 | T3.02 Evaluate how legal document could be construed. | 92% | 96% | 95% | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
| 7 | T1.44 Develop specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish work activities. | 92% | 95% | 94% | 3.6 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 |
| 8 | T1.27 Conduct factual investigation to obtain information related to client matter. | 90% | 95% | 94% | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
| 9 | T1.36 Research secondary authorities. | 92% | 94% | 94% | 3.0 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| 10 | T1.41 Consult with colleagues or third parties regarding client matters. | 90% | 94% | 94% | 3.6 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.5 |
| 11 | T1.38 Respond to client inquiries. | 88% | 94% | 93% | 3.8 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
| 12 | T1.19 Identify goals and objectives in client matter. | 89% | 94% | 93% | 3.6 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
| 13 | T2.04 Determine issues or claims to be raised in legal proceeding. | 88% | 94% | 93% | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| 14 | T1.43 Persuade others of a particular point of view. | 88% | 94% | 93% | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
| 15 | T1.34 Research administrative regulations, rules, and decisional law. | 88% | 94% | 92% | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 |
| 16 | T1.39 Inform client about status of client matter. | 88% | 93% | 92% | 3.7 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
| 17 | T1.21 Assess the probable outcome of client matter. | 88% | 92% | 91% | 3.5 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 2.4 |
| 18 | T2.05 Evaluate and develop strategy to address potential defenses to legal proceeding. | 85% | 93% | 91% | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.5 |
| 19 | T1.31 Obtain and review public records. | 84% | 93% | 91% | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| 20 | T1.11 Maintain confidential client records. | 85% | 91% | 90% | 3.7 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
| 21 | T2.11 Determine issues, defenses, or claims to be raised in response to legal proceeding. | 82% | 92% | 90% | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| 22 | T1.23 Develop strategy for client matter. | 86% | 91% | 90% | 3.5 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.4 |
| 23 | T3.01 Determine lawfulness or enforceability of contract or legal document. | 86% | 91% | 90% | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| 24 | T1.28 Interview client, client representatives, or witnesses to obtain information related to client matter. | 80% | 91% | 89% | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| 25 | T2.12 Prepare documents to answer or respond to legal proceeding. | 79% | 91% | 89% | 3.0 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| 26 | T1.47 Schedule meetings and other work activities. | 86% | 89% | 89% | 3.5 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| 27 | T1.37 Research court rules. | 86% | 89% | 89% | 3.0 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.6 |
| 28 | T2.28 Review and analyze discovery received, including electronically stored information. | 78% | 90% | 88% | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
| 29 | T2.22 Prepare or respond to written discovery or other requests for information. | 74% | 91% | 87% | 2.8 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.5 |
| 30 | T1.25 Determine client’s compliance with laws, regulations, or standards. | 83% | 88% | 87% | 3.3 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
| 31 | T4.11 Determine compliance with laws, rules, and regulations. | 79% | 89% | 86% | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| 32 | T1.26 Negotiate or facilitate resolution of client matter. | 81% | 87% | 86% | 3.2 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.3 |
| 33 | T2.07 Prepare documents to initiate proceeding, including required schedules or exhibits. | 74% | 88% | 85% | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| 34 | T2.16 Draft or respond to non-dispositive motions. | 69% | 88% | 84% | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
| 35 | T1.12 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to representation of client. | 79% | 85% | 84% | 2.7 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.4 |
| 36 | T2.15 Draft or respond to dispositive motions. | 68% | 88% | 84% | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| 37 | T2.06 Identify proper or required parties to legal proceeding. | 76% | 86% | 84% | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| 38 | T2.03 Determine whether conditions precedent to initiating legal proceeding have been performed or satisfied. | 76% | 85% | 84% | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
| 39 | T2.25 Evaluate need for and identify fact witnesses. | 69% | 87% | 83% | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| 40 | T2.17 Prepare required disclosures to other parties, the court, or other fact-finder. | 67% | 86% | 82% | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
| 41 | T1.42 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to discussion of client matters. | 74% | 83% | 82% | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| 42 | T1.29 Investigate background of parties. | 74% | 83% | 82% | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 43 | T2.41 Develop strategy for presenting claims and/or defenses to court, tribunal, or other fact-finder. | 72% | 84% | 81% | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.3 |
| 44 | T1.40 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to client communications. | 70% | 83% | 81% | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| 45 | T2.26 Prepare client or witness for sworn interview, statement, deposition, or proceeding. | 70% | 83% | 80% | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| 46 | T2.02 Advise client about dispute resolution options. | 75% | 81% | 79% | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.2 |
| 47 | T2.43 Draft witness or exhibit lists. | 60% | 85% | 79% | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| 48 | T2.34 Draft documents reflecting resolution of dispute. | 65% | 83% | 79% | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| 49 | T2.38 Draft affidavits or declarations to admit evidence or testimony. | 64% | 81% | 78% | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 50 | T1.08 Establish and maintain calendaring system. | 75% | 78% | 78% | 3.7 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 |
| 51 | T2.33 Negotiate resolution of dispute. | 68% | 79% | 77% | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.3 |
| 52 | T2.60 Draft proposed orders, judgments, findings of fact, or conclusions of law. | 64% | 80% | 77% | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 |
| 53 | T2.23 Evaluate need for and identify expert witnesses. | 64% | 80% | 77% | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 |
| 54 | T2.53 Determine requirements for admitting exhibits or witness testimony into proceeding. | 57% | 81% | 76% | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| 55 | T1.02 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to potential client engagement. | 70% | 77% | 75% | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 56 | T2.08 Notify or serve parties to legal proceeding. | 68% | 77% | 75% | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| 57 | T1.22 Determine advisability of defending or prosecuting client matter. | 67% | 77% | 75% | 3.3 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.3 |
| 58 | T2.31 Resolve discovery disputes. | 57% | 80% | 75% | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 59 | T2.44 Draft witness testimony outlines or summaries. | 55% | 80% | 75% | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| 60 | T2.01 Determine proper or best forum to initiate legal proceeding. | 71% | 75% | 75% | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| 61 | T2.74 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to communications with counsel for other parties or pro se parties. | 66% | 77% | 74% | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| 62 | T1.30 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to investigations or interviews. | 60% | 78% | 74% | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.2 |
| 63 | T2.46 Prepare witnesses to testify at trial or before other tribunal or fact-finder. | 60% | 78% | 74% | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.2 |
| 64 | T2.47 Represent client in court, before government agencies, or before other fact-finders. | 66% | 76% | 74% | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.4 |
| 65 | T1.04 Establish attorney-client relationship. | 69% | 75% | 74% | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.2 |
| 66 | T2.45 Prepare client to testify at trial or before other tribunal or fact-finder. | 61% | 76% | 73% | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 |
| 67 | T2.29 Draft or respond to discovery deficiency letters. | 52% | 79% | 73% | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| 68 | T2.30 Draft or respond to discovery enforcement motion. | 51% | 78% | 72% | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 69 | T2.73 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to communications with the court, tribunal, or other fact-finder. | 63% | 74% | 72% | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| 70 | T2.19 Advise client about preservation or collection of electronically stored information. | 60% | 75% | 72% | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 71 | T3.11 Advise client regarding contract performance, enforcement, or termination issues. | 60% | 75% | 72% | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| 72 | T2.39 Draft or respond to motions in limine. | 50% | 77% | 72% | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 73 | T2.72 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to filing of documents with court, tribunal, or other fact-finder. | 62% | 73% | 70% | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 74 | T2.54 Make or defend against objections to the admission of exhibits or witness testimony. | 57% | 74% | 70% | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.3 |
| 75 | T2.56 Introduce exhibits into evidence in proceeding. | 57% | 72% | 69% | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 |
| 76 | T2.37 Draft required schedules, statements, or reports for submission to court, tribunal, or other fact-finder. | 51% | 74% | 69% | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| 77 | T2.24 Prepare expert disclosures. | 50% | 74% | 69% | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 78 | T2.59 Draft or respond to post-judgment motions. | 47% | 75% | 69% | 1.8 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| 79 | T1.49 Analyze workflow processes to identify ways to improve quality or efficiency. | 68% | 69% | 69% | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 |
| 80 | T2.42 Draft pre-trial or dispute resolution statements or summaries. | 50% | 73% | 68% | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 81 | T1.45 Supervise attorneys or support staff. | 62% | 68% | 67% | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.8 |
| 82 | T2.20 Prepare information requests to governmental agencies. | 59% | 68% | 66% | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| 83 | T2.27 Conduct or defend deposition. | 47% | 72% | 66% | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| 84 | T3.13 Draft documents reflecting resolution of contract or business disputes. | 48% | 72% | 66% | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 85 | T1.01 Evaluate potential client engagement. | 61% | 66% | 65% | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.0 |
| 86 | T2.52 Conduct direct examination or cross-examination of witnesses. | 54% | 68% | 65% | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.3 |
| 87 | T1.46 Monitor and control resources. | 56% | 67% | 65% | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 1.9 |
| 88 | T2.10 Draft or respond to request for interim relief or award. | 47% | 69% | 65% | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 89 | T3.12 Negotiate resolution of contract or business disputes. | 52% | 68% | 64% | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 90 | T1.06 Draft initial report for client. | 47% | 67% | 63% | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 91 | T1.03 Conduct conflicts of interest check in connection with potential client engagement. | 60% | 63% | 63% | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 92 | T2.65 Draft briefs or written submissions in appellate or other post-judgment review proceedings. | 46% | 67% | 63% | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 93 | T2.63 Draft documents to seek appellate or other post-judgment review. | 43% | 65% | 61% | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 94 | T3.06 Draft resolutions, written consents, and/or meeting minutes. | 49% | 64% | 60% | 2.4 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
| 95 | T3.16 Draft or negotiate business agreements (e.g., purchase and sale, lease, licensing, non-disclosure, loan, security interest, assignment). | 48% | 63% | 60% | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| 96 | T3.05 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to representation of business organizations and/or their shareholders, officers, directors, or members. | 43% | 65% | 59% | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
| 97 | T2.13 Draft or respond to removal or remand pleadings. | 40% | 64% | 59% | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 98 | T1.32 Obtain information through Freedom of Information Act request. | 43% | 63% | 59% | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
| 99 | T2.50 Draft proposed jury instructions. | 39% | 65% | 59% | 1.8 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 100 | T3.15 Draft term sheet, memorandum of understanding, or letter of intent for transaction. | 44% | 64% | 59% | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| 101 | T3.03 Advise client regarding forms of business organizations. | 51% | 61% | 58% | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 102 | T2.21 Respond to information requests from governmental agencies. | 47% | 61% | 58% | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| 103 | T2.57 Make or defend motions seeking judgment or directed verdict before submission of case to fact-finder. | 40% | 63% | 58% | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| 104 | T2.55 Make an offer of proof. | 39% | 63% | 58% | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| 105 | T1.16 Develop or implement strategy to generate new business or retain clients. | 49% | 60% | 58% | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.8 |
| 106 | T1.05 Draft engagement letter. | 53% | 58% | 57% | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| 107 | T2.09 Represent client in preliminary hearing, arraignment, or bond proceedings. | 48% | 60% | 57% | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| 108 | T3.07 Draft handbooks or written procedures. | 43% | 61% | 57% | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
| 109 | T3.17 Conduct transaction due diligence. | 41% | 62% | 57% | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| 110 | T2.58 Present closing argument. | 48% | 59% | 57% | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.2 |
| 111 | T2.64 Prepare or designate record for appellate or other post-judgment review. | 39% | 61% | 57% | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| 112 | T2.62 Determine proper forum to seek appellate or other post-judgment review. | 40% | 61% | 56% | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| 113 | T2.36 Represent client in proceeding to approve or accept negotiated resolution of dispute. | 45% | 59% | 56% | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.0 |
| 114 | T2.51 Present opening statement. | 45% | 59% | 56% | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| 115 | T4.09 Respond to audit, violation or non-compliance report, or request for information from governmental or regulatory agency. | 43% | 59% | 54% | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| 116 | T2.71 Seek modification of prior orders or judgments. | 40% | 58% | 54% | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
| 117 | T3.08 Draft employment or independent contractor agreements. | 35% | 60% | 54% | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 118 | T3.04 Draft and file documents to form business organizations. | 39% | 58% | 53% | 2.1 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
| 119 | T3.18 Conduct lien, litigation, or bankruptcy filing searches. | 40% | 58% | 53% | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 120 | T1.17 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to generation of business. | 41% | 56% | 53% | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
| 121 | T3.36 Draft power of attorney, durable power of attorney, or health care proxy. | 42% | 57% | 53% | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 122 | T2.18 Draft or advise client about litigation hold letter. | 35% | 58% | 53% | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.9 |
| 123 | T2.40 Draft or respond to motions to suppress evidence. | 38% | 56% | 52% | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| 124 | T3.14 Advise client regarding insurance coverage. | 45% | 55% | 52% | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 125 | T2.49 Participate in jury selection activities. | 35% | 57% | 52% | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
| 126 | T4.07 Prepare application to governmental or regulatory agency. | 40% | 57% | 52% | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 127 | T2.48 Represent client in non-binding dispute resolution proceeding. | 37% | 56% | 52% | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.9 |
| 128 | T2.32 Draft or respond to request for writ or other extraordinary relief. | 34% | 56% | 51% | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
| 129 | T4.08 Secure required governmental or regulatory approvals or authorizations. | 36% | 55% | 50% | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| 130 | T4.10 Determine eligibility for governmental status, programs, benefits, or assistance. | 41% | 53% | 50% | 2.5 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 131 | T3.28 Draft legal opinion letter for third party reliance. | 39% | 53% | 50% | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 132 | T2.14 Draft or respond to demand to compel arbitration. | 31% | 52% | 48% | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| 133 | T3.09 Advise client on employee discipline or termination issues. | 33% | 53% | 48% | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
| 134 | T4.13 Advise client regarding local, state, or federal tax implications and obligations. | 44% | 48% | 47% | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 135 | T1.15 Secure withdrawal from client representation from court or other tribunal. | 37% | 49% | 47% | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
| 136 | T4.12 Assist client in securing status, benefits, or assistance from governmental programs. | 38% | 50% | 47% | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| 137 | T3.23 Record or file documents reflecting security interest in real or personal property. | 31% | 50% | 46% | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
| 138 | T3.25 Draft or negotiate conveyance documents. | 32% | 50% | 45% | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 139 | T1.48 Review organization operations and financial targets. | 42% | 46% | 45% | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.6 |
| 140 | T1.13 Terminate attorney-client relationship. | 46% | 43% | 43% | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
| 141 | T1.14 Draft disengagement letter. | 38% | 44% | 43% | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
| 142 | T3.10 Draft employee separation or termination agreements. | 24% | 48% | 42% | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 |
| 143 | T3.26 Conduct or participate in closing. | 26% | 47% | 42% | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 144 | T3.22 Review real property surveys. | 35% | 44% | 42% | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
| 145 | T3.24 Draft closing checklist or schedules. | 24% | 48% | 42% | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 |
| 146 | T3.19 Conduct title search. | 36% | 41% | 40% | 2.4 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 147 | T3.38 Advise client regarding estate, inheritance, descent, and/or non-probate transfer matters. | 37% | 40% | 39% | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| 148 | T2.66 Present oral argument in appellate or other post-judgment review proceedings. | 25% | 43% | 39% | 1.5 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 1.9 |
| 149 | T4.15 Draft terms of use or privacy policies. | 27% | 43% | 39% | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
| 150 | T2.68 Represent client in post-judgment collection activities and proceedings. | 27% | 41% | 38% | 2.0 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| 151 | T3.29 Draft and/or negotiate documents affecting use of land (e.g., easement, restrictive covenant or other servitude, condominium, homeowner association). | 28% | 42% | 38% | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
| 152 | T1.07 Draft initial budget for client. | 30% | 39% | 38% | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
| 153 | T2.35 Negotiate with subrogation claimants and lienholders. | 29% | 38% | 37% | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 154 | T3.27 Record conveyance documents. | 26% | 40% | 36% | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| 155 | T2.67 Draft proposed judgment or opinion in appellate or other post-judgment review proceedings. | 21% | 39% | 36% | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
| 156 | T3.21 Review environmental reports. | 21% | 40% | 35% | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
| 157 | T3.39 Draft estate, inheritance, descent, and/or non-probate transfer documents (e.g., wills, trusts, transfer on death). | 29% | 37% | 35% | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 158 | T3.33 Draft or negotiate contract change orders. | 19% | 40% | 35% | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 159 | T2.69 Draft or respond to contempt proceedings. | 24% | 37% | 34% | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 160 | T4.01 Participate in administrative rulemaking. | 30% | 36% | 34% | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
| 161 | T1.10 Establish and maintain client billing system. | 34% | 34% | 34% | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 2.2 |
| 162 | T3.20 Review title commitment or negotiate terms of title policy. | 21% | 37% | 33% | 2.5 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 163 | T3.40 Determine eligibility for intellectual property protection. | 20% | 37% | 33% | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 164 | T3.32 Draft or negotiate construction agreement. | 16% | 36% | 31% | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 165 | T4.02 Participate in developing governmental programs. | 22% | 33% | 30% | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
| 166 | T4.06 Draft regulatory enforcement procedures or policies. | 20% | 33% | 30% | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| 167 | T3.34 Prepare lien waivers. | 13% | 34% | 29% | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| 168 | T2.61 Prepare or present sentencing reports or arguments. | 20% | 31% | 29% | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 169 | T3.35 Prepare or file construction/mechanic’s liens. | 14% | 33% | 28% | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
| 170 | T3.41 Draft and file documents to secure or maintain intellectual property protection. | 15% | 33% | 28% | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| 171 | T4.03 Draft legislation or regulations. | 18% | 31% | 28% | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 1.6 |
| 172 | T3.30 Negotiate with or on behalf of land use regulatory authorities. | 17% | 30% | 26% | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| 173 | T3.37 Draft prenuptial or antenuptial agreements. | 17% | 28% | 26% | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 174 | T4.14 Prepare or review local, state, or federal tax returns and filings. | 21% | 26% | 25% | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
| 175 | T1.09 Establish and maintain client trust account. | 22% | 26% | 25% | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.1 |
| 176 | T4.05 Participate in initiative or proposition process to change statute or constitution. | 21% | 26% | 24% | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
| 177 | T2.70 Represent client in post-conviction relief or habeas corpus proceedings. | 12% | 20% | 18% | 2.0 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 1.8 |
| 178 | T3.31 Represent client in eminent domain or condemnation proceeding. | 9% | 21% | 18% | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
| 179 | T4.04 Draft constitutional amendments. | 3% | 8% | 7% | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
Notes:
- Tasks are rank-ordered from most commonly performed to least commonly performed based on the combined value of %perform using both groups weighted by sample size.
- Task frequency scale: 1= yearly; 2=quarterly; 3=monthly; 4=weekly.
- Task criticality scale: 1=low; 2=moderate; 3=high.
Table B.2. Number and Percentage of Tasks with %Perform Greater Than or Equal to 50% for Different Demographic Subgroups
| ID | Subgroup | Mean N of Respondents | N Tasks ≥ 50% | % Tasks ≥ 50% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baseline (All Groups) | 2,500 | 133 | 74% |
| 2 | Experience with NLLs | |||
| 3 | Is an NLL | 285 | 86 | 48% |
| 4 | Current experience with NLLs | 498 | 130 | 73% |
| 5 | Experience in past 1–5 years | 455 | 131 | 73% |
| 6 | Experience in past 5–10 years | 191 | 143 | 80% |
| 7 | Experience > 10 years ago | 180 | 154 | 86% |
| 8 | Primary Practice Setting | |||
| 9 | Solo Practitioner | 233 | 149 | 83% |
| 10 | In-House | 175 | 117 | 65% |
| 11 | Private Law Firm | 661 | 132 | 74% |
| 12 | Legal Services/Public Interest | 99 | 104 | 58% |
| 13 | Government | 216 | 111 | 62% |
| 14 | Number Lawyers in Organization | |||
| 15 | 1 | 276 | 146 | 82% |
| 16 | 2 to 10 | 558 | 135 | 75% |
| 17 | 11 to 50 | 313 | 121 | 68% |
| 18 | 51 to 100 | 115 | 121 | 68% |
| 19 | 101 to 250 | 108 | 125 | 70% |
| 20 | 251 to 500 | 59 | 113 | 63% |
| 21 | 500+ | 121 | 106 | 59% |
| 22 | Gender | |||
| 23 | Female | 704 | 115 | 64% |
| 24 | Male | 806 | 136 | 76% |
| 25 | Geographic Region | |||
| 26 | Northeast | 420 | 132 | 74% |
| 27 | Midwest | 375 | 133 | 74% |
| 28 | South | 372 | 129 | 72% |
| 29 | West | 371 | 114 | 64% |
| 30 | Race | |||
| 31 | Asian or Asian American | 61 | 105 | 59% |
| 32 | Black or African American | 56 | 102 | 57% |
| 33 | White or Caucasian | 1,246 | 131 | 73% |
Note: Respondents whose practice setting was Judicial (including clerkship), or race was Native American, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or Multiracial, are not included because the sample sizes (N) are too small to produce stable statistics.
Table B.3. Percentage of Respondents Who Performed Each Task for a Sample of 15 Practice Clusters (see notes at end of table)
Please note: a horizontal scroll bar (left and right) is available at the bottom of the table to accommodate the viewing of all columns. If you wish, you may use the “Columns” button to toggle the visibility of the table’s columns.
| ID | Practice Cluster | Criminal Law | Business Law | Personal Injury | Family Law | Business Litigation | Real Estate Law | Wills, Estates & Trusts | Employment Law | Administrative Law | Securities | Immigration Law | Intellectual Property Law | Appellate Law Criminal | Workers Compensation | Environmental Law | Total Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | % of Sample | 10.7 | 9.2 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.5 | |
| 2 | 10 Most Common Tasks (Total Group ≥ 94%) | ||||||||||||||||
| 3 | T1.18 Identify issues in client matter, including legal, factual, or evidentiary issues. | 94% | 97% | 99% | 98% | 100% | 97% | 97% | 98% | 99% | 96% | 98% | 94% | 89% | 100% | 100% | 97% |
| 4 | T1.35 Research case law. | 97% | 95% | 99% | 98% | 99% | 95% | 95% | 98% | 100% | 90% | 98% | 93% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 97% |
| 5 | T1.24 Interpret laws, rulings, and regulations for client. | 90% | 97% | 99% | 97% | 99% | 96% | 97% | 97% | 98% | 99% | 98% | 92% | 89% | 98% | 98% | 96% |
| 6 | T1.33 Research statutory and constitutional authority. | 96% | 95% | 98% | 96% | 99% | 93% | 94% | 97% | 96% | 91% | 98% | 86% | 98% | 95% | 100% | 95% |
| 7 | T1.20 Evaluate strengths and weaknesses of client matter. | 92% | 94% | 98% | 98% | 99% | 96% | 95% | 95% | 99% | 89% | 95% | 95% | 84% | 100% | 98% | 95% |
| 8 | T3.02 Evaluate how legal document could be construed. | 80% | 98% | 94% | 95% | 97% | 99% | 98% | 98% | 95% | 98% | 85% | 93% | 86% | 100% | 93% | 95% |
| 9 | T1.44 Develop specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish work activities. | 93% | 97% | 96% | 93% | 96% | 99% | 96% | 94% | 96% | 96% | 89% | 88% | 96% | 93% | 98% | 94% |
| 10 | T1.27 Conduct factual investigation to obtain information related to client matter. | 90% | 94% | 99% | 96% | 99% | 93% | 97% | 97% | 94% | 92% | 97% | 94% | 78% | 100% | 98% | 94% |
| 11 | T1.36 Research secondary authorities. | 93% | 94% | 96% | 93% | 97% | 94% | 95% | 96% | 96% | 89% | 98% | 86% | 100% | 95% | 98% | 94% |
| 12 | T1.41 Consult with colleagues or third parties regarding client matters. | 89% | 94% | 97% | 94% | 97% | 96% | 98% | 94% | 95% | 94% | 94% | 96% | 82% | 97% | 100% | 94% |
| 13 | Tasks Near the Margin (Total Group 30% to 60%) | ||||||||||||||||
| 14 | T3.16 Draft or negotiate business agreements (e.g., purchase and sale, lease, licensing, non-disclosure, loan, security interest, assignment). | 22% | 85% | 31% | 46% | 68% | 92% | 64% | 42% | 42% | 86% | 33% | 73% | 11% | 29% | 46% | 60% |
| 15 | T3.05 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to representation of business organizations and/or their shareholders. | 34% | 67% | 45% | 44% | 77% | 79% | 68% | 62% | 52% | 80% | 45% | 63% | 28% | 48% | 48% | 59% |
| 16 | T2.13 Draft or respond to removal or remand pleadings. | 46% | 54% | 74% | 55% | 75% | 52% | 50% | 74% | 50% | 52% | 56% | 50% | 49% | 66% | 49% | 59% |
| 17 | T1.32 Obtain information through Freedom of Information Act request. | 62% | 54% | 80% | 55% | 66% | 59% | 59% | 59% | 64% | 49% | 84% | 35% | 42% | 53% | 57% | 59% |
| 18 | T2.50 Draft proposed jury instructions. | 85% | 54% | 84% | 38% | 70% | 52% | 49% | 63% | 38% | 43% | 11% | 71% | 63% | 56% | 39% | 59% |
| 19 | T3.15 Draft term sheet, memorandum of understanding, or letter of intent for transaction. | 26% | 80% | 39% | 50% | 66% | 81% | 58% | 58% | 43% | 89% | 31% | 62% | 19% | 24% | 60% | 59% |
| 20 | T3.03 Advise client regarding forms of business organizations. | 25% | 68% | 40% | 59% | 62% | 85% | 78% | 44% | 44% | 83% | 41% | 42% | 22% | 45% | 50% | 58% |
| 21 | T2.21 Respond to information requests from governmental agencies. | 55% | 65% | 55% | 49% | 58% | 59% | 51% | 72% | 72% | 56% | 73% | 39% | 36% | 50% | 49% | 58% |
| 22 | T2.57 Make or defend motions seeking judgment or directed verdict before submission of case to fact-finder. | 79% | 45% | 74% | 67% | 66% | 47% | 53% | 51% | 51% | 35% | 27% | 32% | 43% | 56% | 47% | 58% |
| 23 | T2.55 Make an offer of proof. | 81% | 43% | 63% | 77% | 61% | 41% | 59% | 59% | 55% | 31% | 45% | 26% | 43% | 72% | 50% | 58% |
| 24 | T1.16 Develop or implement strategy to generate new business or retain clients. | 34% | 55% | 69% | 62% | 65% | 79% | 84% | 55% | 41% | 59% | 67% | 55% | 23% | 75% | 40% | 58% |
| 25 | T1.05 Draft engagement letter. | 37% | 54% | 66% | 74% | 69% | 67% | 87% | 58% | 54% | 49% | 62% | 57% | 30% | 60% | 44% | 57% |
| 26 | T2.09 Represent client in preliminary hearing, arraignment, or bond proceedings. | 85% | 43% | 52% | 69% | 53% | 51% | 53% | 49% | 53% | 32% | 69% | 53% | 50% | 57% | 54% | 57% |
| 27 | T3.07 Draft handbooks or written procedures. | 33% | 78% | 25% | 30% | 58% | 71% | 49% | 69% | 73% | 74% | 50% | 48% | 33% | 31% | 60% | 57% |
| 28 | T3.17 Conduct transaction due diligence. | 24% | 76% | 28% | 31% | 65% | 86% | 58% | 44% | 38% | 86% | 32% | 72% | 17% | 36% | 58% | 57% |
| 29 | T2.58 Present closing argument. | 84% | 36% | 63% | 78% | 53% | 42% | 53% | 45% | 64% | 33% | 63% | 24% | 46% | 63% | 50% | 57% |
| 30 | T2.64 Prepare or designate record for appellate or other post-judgment review. | 58% | 46% | 63% | 56% | 73% | 52% | 43% | 56% | 54% | 41% | 47% | 53% | 65% | 65% | 67% | 57% |
| 31 | T2.62 Determine proper forum to seek appellate or other post-judgment review. | 57% | 44% | 55% | 67% | 66% | 50% | 51% | 57% | 51% | 41% | 44% | 38% | 71% | 59% | 67% | 56% |
| 32 | T2.36 Represent client in proceeding to approve or accept negotiated resolution of dispute. | 53% | 47% | 66% | 69% | 59% | 56% | 58% | 56% | 56% | 39% | 24% | 38% | 35% | 82% | 49% | 56% |
| 33 | T2.51 Present opening statement. | 84% | 40% | 68% | 72% | 50% | 44% | 51% | 50% | 60% | 30% | 40% | 24% | 48% | 64% | 50% | 56% |
| 34 | T4.09 Respond to audit, violation or non-compliance report, or request for information from governmental or regulatory agency. | 31% | 67% | 34% | 33% | 51% | 61% | 57% | 62% | 63% | 73% | 65% | 42% | 33% | 35% | 57% | 54% |
| 35 | T2.71 Seek modification of prior orders or judgments. | 68% | 43% | 49% | 87% | 59% | 40% | 56% | 44% | 32% | 24% | 45% | 30% | 47% | 50% | 39% | 54% |
| 36 | T3.08 Draft employment or independent contractor agreements. | 24% | 77% | 35% | 38% | 66% | 70% | 58% | 71% | 61% | 70% | 35% | 47% | 19% | 31% | 38% | 54% |
| 37 | T3.04 Draft and file documents to form business organizations. | 25% | 64% | 33% | 50% | 63% | 86% | 78% | 38% | 39% | 79% | 33% | 29% | 14% | 38% | 35% | 53% |
| 38 | T3.18 Conduct lien, litigation, or bankruptcy filing searches. | 29% | 52% | 61% | 51% | 73% | 76% | 58% | 55% | 42% | 60% | 24% | 36% | 36% | 52% | 40% | 53% |
| 39 | T1.17 Identify rules of professional conduct applicable to generation of business. | 33% | 53% | 65% | 62% | 56% | 65% | 75% | 54% | 38% | 56% | 56% | 49% | 34% | 67% | 36% | 53% |
| 40 | T3.36 Draft power of attorney, durable power of attorney, or health care proxy. | 32% | 49% | 40% | 78% | 53% | 75% | 97% | 25% | 45% | 65% | 47% | 37% | 31% | 57% | 28% | 53% |
| 41 | T2.18 Draft or advise client about litigation hold letter. | 25% | 61% | 64% | 44% | 71% | 56% | 47% | 73% | 46% | 52% | 13% | 74% | 29% | 55% | 65% | 53% |
| 42 | T2.40 Draft or respond to motions to suppress evidence. | 92% | 43% | 55% | 51% | 50% | 44% | 45% | 45% | 37% | 37% | 49% | 41% | 60% | 41% | 36% | 52% |
| 43 | T3.14 Advise client regarding insurance coverage. | 28% | 56% | 84% | 47% | 53% | 60% | 57% | 37% | 51% | 42% | 28% | 24% | 33% | 76% | 38% | 52% |
| 44 | T2.49 Participate in jury selection activities. | 87% | 42% | 75% | 36% | 58% | 44% | 43% | 56% | 34% | 37% | 14% | 38% | 57% | 51% | 28% | 52% |
| 45 | T4.07 Prepare application to governmental or regulatory agency. | 28% | 66% | 33% | 27% | 41% | 64% | 58% | 36% | 65% | 70% | 76% | 62% | 35% | 39% | 61% | 52% |
| 46 | T2.48 Represent client in non-binding dispute resolution proceeding. | 24% | 52% | 70% | 62% | 69% | 52% | 59% | 67% | 51% | 39% | 15% | 35% | 27% | 71% | 51% | 52% |
| 47 | T2.32 Draft or respond to request for writ or other extraordinary relief. | 61% | 45% | 58% | 53% | 64% | 53% | 51% | 49% | 34% | 41% | 28% | 27% | 47% | 41% | 51% | 51% |
| 48 | T4.08 Secure required governmental or regulatory approvals or authorizations. | 25% | 64% | 28% | 29% | 41% | 70% | 54% | 38% | 59% | 72% | 71% | 46% | 35% | 32% | 63% | 50% |
| 49 | T4.10 Determine eligibility for governmental status, programs, benefits, or assistance. | 43% | 47% | 30% | 52% | 46% | 50% | 61% | 44% | 72% | 41% | 85% | 42% | 43% | 63% | 59% | 50% |
| 50 | T3.28 Draft legal opinion letter for third party reliance. | 27% | 46% | 48% | 38% | 50% | 68% | 53% | 42% | 54% | 73% | 51% | 49% | 33% | 37% | 48% | 50% |
| 51 | T2.14 Draft or respond to demand to compel arbitration. | 22% | 54% | 66% | 40% | 67% | 50% | 40% | 76% | 39% | 45% | 15% | 35% | 33% | 48% | 30% | 48% |
| 52 | T3.09 Advise client on employee discipline or termination issues. | 30% | 57% | 37% | 36% | 61% | 54% | 46% | 82% | 57% | 54% | 41% | 31% | 25% | 72% | 36% | 48% |
| 53 | T4.13 Advise client regarding local, state, or federal tax implications and obligations. | 25% | 48% | 30% | 54% | 48% | 65% | 71% | 44% | 42% | 59% | 61% | 26% | 38% | 47% | 38% | 47% |
| 54 | T1.15 Secure withdrawal from client representation from court or other tribunal. | 47% | 34% | 61% | 77% | 56% | 36% | 61% | 39% | 45% | 20% | 60% | 33% | 36% | 50% | 16% | 47% |
| 55 | T4.12 Assist client in securing status, benefits, or assistance from governmental programs. | 43% | 39% | 40% | 62% | 40% | 46% | 68% | 35% | 63% | 42% | 90% | 47% | 38% | 63% | 37% | 47% |
| 56 | T3.23 Record or file documents reflecting security interest in real or personal property. | 21% | 50% | 31% | 58% | 55% | 79% | 63% | 25% | 31% | 60% | 21% | 41% | 14% | 26% | 36% | 46% |
| 57 | T3.25 Draft or negotiate conveyance documents. | 21% | 53% | 21% | 55% | 54% | 87% | 74% | 24% | 28% | 52% | 23% | 35% | 8% | 23% | 43% | 45% |
| 58 | T1.48 Review organization operations and financial targets. | 37% | 50% | 50% | 46% | 42% | 49% | 64% | 42% | 33% | 49% | 42% | 42% | 29% | 45% | 38% | 45% |
| 59 | T1.13 Terminate attorney-client relationship. | 47% | 31% | 52% | 71% | 40% | 41% | 58% | 38% | 53% | 25% | 65% | 28% | 32% | 43% | 20% | 43% |
| 60 | T1.14 Draft disengagement letter. | 34% | 36% | 52% | 65% | 44% | 42% | 68% | 37% | 49% | 30% | 58% | 33% | 27% | 42% | 24% | 43% |
| 61 | T3.10 Draft employee separation or termination agreements. | 20% | 52% | 30% | 36% | 57% | 53% | 48% | 69% | 49% | 55% | 27% | 25% | 17% | 43% | 23% | 42% |
| 62 | T3.26 Conduct or participate in closing. | 18% | 50% | 17% | 40% | 44% | 85% | 56% | 20% | 26% | 76% | 17% | 19% | 8% | 22% | 35% | 42% |
| 63 | T3.22 Review real property surveys. | 24% | 39% | 29% | 46% | 48% | 83% | 64% | 25% | 28% | 38% | 17% | 15% | 19% | 20% | 68% | 42% |
| 64 | T3.24 Draft closing checklist or schedules. | 19% | 53% | 16% | 32% | 47% | 84% | 54% | 24% | 31% | 76% | 21% | 31% | 6% | 11% | 41% | 42% |
| 65 | T3.19 Conduct title search. | 25% | 39% | 34% | 59% | 48% | 67% | 54% | 29% | 25% | 37% | 29% | 25% | 19% | 29% | 50% | 40% |
| 66 | T3.38 Advise client regarding estate, inheritance, descent, and/or non-probate transfer matters. | 25% | 33% | 32% | 80% | 37% | 55% | 97% | 24% | 31% | 23% | 28% | 12% | 22% | 37% | 23% | 39% |
| 67 | T2.66 Present oral argument in appellate or other post-judgment review proceedings. | 48% | 27% | 46% | 43% | 46% | 31% | 28% | 30% | 41% | 23% | 22% | 21% | 62% | 51% | 47% | 39% |
| 68 | T4.15 Draft terms of use or privacy policies. | 17% | 65% | 23% | 19% | 34% | 42% | 32% | 33% | 41% | 59% | 24% | 47% | 28% | 11% | 26% | 39% |
| 69 | T2.68 Represent client in post-judgment collection activities and proceedings. | 22% | 36% | 34% | 53% | 52% | 42% | 48% | 33% | 23% | 33% | 15% | 21% | 20% | 32% | 28% | 38% |
| 70 | T3.29 Draft and/or negotiate documents affecting use of land (e.g., easement, restrictive covenant or other servitude, condominium, homeowner association). | 21% | 34% | 19% | 41% | 50% | 81% | 52% | 18% | 31% | 28% | 23% | 15% | 11% | 26% | 65% | 38% |
| 71 | T1.07 Draft initial budget for client. | 21% | 38% | 47% | 37% | 41% | 36% | 52% | 39% | 30% | 39% | 38% | 40% | 21% | 59% | 20% | 38% |
| 72 | T2.35 Negotiate with subrogation claimants and lienholders. | 17% | 35% | 70% | 33% | 45% | 40% | 40% | 25% | 25% | 34% | 11% | 12% | 18% | 80% | 14% | 37% |
| 73 | T3.27 Record conveyance documents. | 21% | 38% | 20% | 46% | 41% | 64% | 67% | 20% | 22% | 37% | 17% | 32% | 6% | 29% | 33% | 36% |
| 74 | T2.67 Draft proposed judgment or opinion in appellate or other post-judgment review proceedings. | 29% | 34% | 36% | 36% | 48% | 34% | 24% | 32% | 42% | 30% | 18% | 35% | 38% | 46% | 33% | 36% |
| 75 | T3.21 Review environmental reports. | 19% | 36% | 26% | 22% | 40% | 69% | 33% | 29% | 26% | 43% | 15% | 14% | 17% | 19% | 90% | 35% |
| 76 | T3.39 Draft estate, inheritance, descent, and/or non-probate transfer documents (e.g., wills, trusts, transfer on death). | 23% | 28% | 22% | 68% | 34% | 55% | 95% | 16% | 25% | 22% | 26% | 14% | 11% | 32% | 20% | 35% |
| 77 | T3.33 Draft or negotiate contract change orders. | 15% | 58% | 19% | 25% | 40% | 52% | 32% | 31% | 33% | 30% | 19% | 24% | 11% | 19% | 38% | 35% |
| 78 | T2.69 Draft or respond to contempt proceedings. | 39% | 25% | 24% | 78% | 34% | 27% | 40% | 17% | 23% | 22% | 19% | 18% | 17% | 19% | 22% | 34% |
| 79 | T4.01 Participate in administrative rulemaking. | 27% | 38% | 21% | 23% | 24% | 26% | 28% | 29% | 66% | 25% | 26% | 22% | 40% | 26% | 67% | 34% |
| 80 | T1.10 Establish and maintain client billing system. | 25% | 32% | 39% | 56% | 27% | 38% | 62% | 28% | 29% | 31% | 42% | 16% | 19% | 45% | 18% | 34% |
| 81 | T3.20 Review title commitment or negotiate terms of title policy. | 16% | 32% | 17% | 30% | 40% | 78% | 51% | 20% | 22% | 35% | 21% | 10% | 8% | 19% | 33% | 33% |
| 82 | T3.40 Determine eligibility for intellectual property protection. | 13% | 64% | 19% | 17% | 39% | 31% | 23% | 24% | 21% | 43% | 10% | 97% | 14% | 18% | 18% | 33% |
| 83 | T3.32 Draft or negotiate construction agreement. | 16% | 43% | 20% | 20% | 44% | 56% | 27% | 24% | 33% | 20% | 17% | 12% | 11% | 15% | 35% | 31% |
| 84 | 10 Least Common Tasks (Total Group < 30%) | ||||||||||||||||
| 85 | T3.41 Draft and file documents to secure or maintain intellectual property protection. | 9% | 56% | 17% | 15% | 32% | 28% | 18% | 22% | 16% | 35% | 13% | 97% | 6% | 11% | 15% | 28% |
| 86 | T4.03 Draft legislation or regulations. | 24% | 31% | 12% | 14% | 23% | 31% | 25% | 21% | 54% | 19% | 17% | 12% | 33% | 11% | 65% | 28% |
| 87 | T3.30 Negotiate with or on behalf of land use regulatory authorities. | 12% | 28% | 12% | 17% | 35% | 54% | 22% | 22% | 26% | 22% | 10% | 10% | 14% | 11% | 67% | 26% |
| 88 | T3.37 Draft prenuptial or antenuptial agreements. | 20% | 21% | 15% | 76% | 25% | 34% | 59% | 15% | 19% | 11% | 18% | 9% | 8% | 18% | 8% | 26% |
| 89 | T4.14 Prepare or review local, state, or federal tax returns and filings. | 15% | 22% | 18% | 33% | 21% | 35% | 56% | 14% | 22% | 30% | 35% | 6% | 18% | 13% | 14% | 25% |
| 90 | T1.09 Establish and maintain client trust account. | 24% | 19% | 27% | 45% | 19% | 27% | 44% | 22% | 24% | 16% | 25% | 11% | 9% | 28% | 9% | 25% |
| 91 | T4.05 Participate in initiative or proposition process to change statute or constitution. | 26% | 24% | 16% | 18% | 21% | 18% | 20% | 13% | 40% | 23% | 17% | 16% | 28% | 24% | 37% | 24% |
| 92 | T2.70 Represent client in post-conviction relief or habeas corpus proceedings. | 45% | 14% | 14% | 16% | 10% | 15% | 17% | 7% | 5% | 13% | 30% | 9% | 40% | 9% | 8% | 18% |
| 93 | T3.31 Represent client in eminent domain or condemnation proceeding. | 12% | 17% | 15% | 12% | 25% | 37% | 14% | 22% | 10% | 13% | 2% | 10% | 8% | 7% | 33% | 18% |
| 94 | T4.04 Draft constitutional amendments. | 5% | 9% | 4% | 6% | 1% | 4% | 3% | 1% | 16% | 4% | 3% | 2% | 10% | 0% | 16% | 7% |
Notes:
- The practice clusters are based on a cluster analysis of the percent of time spent in each of 35 practice areas appearing on the survey. This table samples 15 clusters from the 25 produced by the cluster analysis.
- The values in each cell indicate the percentage of respondents who indicated that they performed the task.
- The task statements are sorted from highest to lowest percentage based on the entire sample of respondents (i.e., sorted on the Total Group column).
- The first row indicates the percent of the respondents in that cluster. The 15 practice clusters are arranged from most to least populous.
